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Tono-Bungay
Tono-Bungay

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Tono-Bungay
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.
You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.
They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”
They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.
But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tono-Bungay

Chapter I

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.
Line 2
You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.
Line 3
They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”
Line 4
They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.
Line 5
But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Another noun US /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.”

Beginning noun US /ˈbeginning/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.”

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.”

Speak noun US /speak/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

actors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

anothernounUS /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

becoming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

beginningnounUS /ˈbeginning/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

character

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

class

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

congruous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

due

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

end

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

kind

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

live

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

living

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

middle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

miscellaneous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

Most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

played

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

proper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

properly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

rules

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

say

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

seem

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

size

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

sort

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

speak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

tasting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

tells

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

theatrical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

tombstone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

true

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

type

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

world

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.