Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Toilers of Babylon: A Novel
Toilers of Babylon: A Novel

Chapter XVIII

Cover illustration for Toilers of Babylon: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/50 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
History repeats itself.
The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.
He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.
Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.
He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Toilers of Babylon: A Novel

Chapter XVIII

Reading 1/50 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
History repeats itself.
Line 2
The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.
Line 3
He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.
Line 4
Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.
Line 5
He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Another noun US /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.”

Good noun US /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.”

Itself pronoun US /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading “History repeats itself.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.”

Whether conjunction US /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading “The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.”

Yet conjunction US /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading “The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

anothernounUS /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

answer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

appears

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

befriended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

Chance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

continually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

employer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

evil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

experience

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

far

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

fortunes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

go

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

goodnounUS /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

greatest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

History

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading History repeats itself.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading History repeats itself.

kind

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

Kingsley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

letter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

Loveday

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

month

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

move

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

Nansie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

occasion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

proved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

reached

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

received

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

regards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

repeats

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading History repeats itself.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

similar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

sufferers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

Timothy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

turned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

wait

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nansie had to wait for more than a month before she received an answer to her last letter from Kingsley.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He was to go through another experience of a similar kind, in which, as on the first occasion, those who befriended him were the greatest sufferers.

written

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and his employer, it appears, had been continually on the move, and the letter which Mr. Loveday had written to him could not have reached him.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The fortunes of Timothy Chance were turned by a fire--whether for good or evil, so far as regards himself, had yet to be proved.