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The wonders of science
The wonders of science

Chapter XVI

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE WONDERS OF THE REFLEXION OF LIGHT.
Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.
This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).
The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.
Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The wonders of science

Chapter XVI

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE WONDERS OF THE REFLEXION OF LIGHT.
Line 2
Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.
Line 3
This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).
Line 4
The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.
Line 5
Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Against preposition US /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading “The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.”

Body noun US /body/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.”

Order noun US /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

Accordingly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

back

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

bodies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

bodynounUS /body/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

branch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

catoptrics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

considered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

constitutes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

deals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

dioptrics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

due

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

falls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

Hitherto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

Humphry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

lad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

laws

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

LIGHT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WONDERS OF THE REFLEXION OF LIGHT.

luminous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE WONDERS OF THE REFLEXION OF LIGHT.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

ordernounUS /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

rays

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Accordingly the lad passed, in due order, from the _transmission_ to the _reflexion_ of the luminous rays.

reflected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

REFLEXION

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WONDERS OF THE REFLEXION OF LIGHT.

regulate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

see

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

subject

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

surface

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

termed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE WONDERS OF THE REFLEXION OF LIGHT.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

thrown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

transmission

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

transparent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Hitherto Humphry had considered only the laws which regulate the transmission of light through transparent bodies.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

WONDERS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WONDERS OF THE REFLEXION OF LIGHT.

δια

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).

κατα

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The other branch, termed _catoptrics_ (from κατα, from, or against, and οπτομαι, to see), deals with the laws of light when it is reflected or thrown back from the surface of any body _against_ which it falls.

οπτομαι

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This constitutes the branch of the subject called _dioptrics_ (from δια, through, and οπτομαι, to see).