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The wolf trail
The wolf trail

Chapter VII

Cover illustration for The wolf trail
Context Illustration Reading 1/48 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.
Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.
The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.
The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.
So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The wolf trail

Chapter VII

Reading 1/48 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.
Line 2
Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.
Line 3
The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.
Line 4
The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.
Line 5
So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Art auxiliary verb US /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading “The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.”

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

America

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

Americans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

Aryan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

barriers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

basis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

Basque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

beasts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

birds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

breaking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

brotherhood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

careful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

ceremonial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

coast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

creatures

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

dance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

dances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

derived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

dialects

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

endless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

Europe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

exercise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

expressed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

expressiveness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

extraordinary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

forms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

gesture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

grace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

groups

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

HOLY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

hundreds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

hunting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

Indian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

isolated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

jargon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

lacked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

language

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

languages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

LODGE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

mimicry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

nations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

North

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

northwest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

notes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

Only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

pantomine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

prayer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

religion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

ritual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

signs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

song

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

songs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

ten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

trade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

tribal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

tribes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.

unite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

universal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

use

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

variety

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

villages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the nations on the northwest coast had a trade jargon to unite their isolated villages.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

welding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading So North America had what Europe lacked, the basis for a language of signs, in universal use, breaking down tribal barriers, welding all nations into one brotherhood.

whole

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Indian of the hunting tribes made his whole life the exercise of a religion expressed in endless ceremonial, even the songs and dances being forms of prayer.

wild

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The song was derived from the notes of birds and beasts, the ritual and the dance were a careful mimicry of the wild creatures, and the whole art of pantomine gave to the Indian extraordinary expressiveness, variety, and grace in gesture.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE HOLY LODGE I Europe has two groups of languages, the Aryan and the Basque, but the North Americans had ten, with hundreds of tribal dialects.