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The Saga of Grettir the Strong
The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter XXXVIII · The Lady Spes

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.
Her name was Spes.
Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.
She had been married to him for his money.
There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter XXXVIII · The Lady Spes

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.
Line 2
Her name was Spes.
Line 3
Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.
Line 4
She had been married to him for his money.
Line 5
There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “She had been married to him for his money.”

Between preposition US /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading “There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.”

Born noun US /born/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.”

Name noun US /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Her name was Spes.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.”

Thought noun US /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

birth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

bornnounUS /born/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

distinguished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

establishment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

HerdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Her name was Spes.

highly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

husband's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

lady

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

large

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

lower

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

marriage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

married

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

money

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

namenounUS /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Her name was Spes.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

owner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

rich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

Sigurd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

Spes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her name was Spes.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

There

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

thoughtnounUS /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had been married to him for his money.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.

town

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

unhappy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was not much love between them, and the marriage was thought an unhappy one.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was a very distinguished lady in that town, the owner of a large establishment, very rich and highly born.

wealthy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her husband's name was Sigurd; he too was wealthy, but of lower birth than she was.