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The Old Dominion
The Old Dominion

Chapter II

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.
Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."
Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.
The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.
There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Old Dominion

Chapter II

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.
Line 2
Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."
Line 3
Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.
Line 4
The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.
Line 5
There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.”

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.”

Between preposition US /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading “There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.”

Come noun US /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."”

Gentlemen noun US /gentlemen/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.”

Good noun US /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.”

Several noun US /ˈseveral/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.”

Themselves pronoun US /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading “Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

ashore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

Assembly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

attend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

boots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

bridle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

burgesses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

captains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

choosing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

coats

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

comenounUS /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

comers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

constant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

constituted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

counties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

crowded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

entertained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

fared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

filled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

fourteen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

friends

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

fro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

gentlemennounUS /gentlemen/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

giving

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

goodnounUS /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

harbor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

hospitality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

houses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

interests

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

jack

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

jingling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

jovial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

kind

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

laced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

liquor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

manner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

neighboring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

overflowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

passing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

paths

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

plantation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

planters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

population

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

professing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

profusely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

reins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

riding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

river

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

salt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

session

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

Several

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

ships

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

silk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

sloops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

stockings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

suffocation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

There

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

threw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

tired

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

town

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

twenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The burgesses from the fourteen counties filled the twenty houses that constituted the town to suffocation.

Up-river

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Up-river planters, too, had come in, choosing the time the Assembly was in session to attend to their interests in the "city."

water

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

welcome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Several ships were in harbor, and their captains, professing themselves tired of salt water, threw themselves upon the hospitality of their friends ashore.

white-sailed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a constant jingling of reins along the bridle paths, a constant passing of white-sailed sloops upon the river, as gentlemen in riding coats and jack boots, or in laced coats and silk stockings, fared to and fro between plantation and town.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The crowded population overflowed into the houses of the neighboring planters, who, after the manner of their kind, entertained profusely, giving jovial welcome and good liquor to all comers.