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The Man Who Laughs
The Man Who Laughs

Chapter XC

Cover illustration for The Man Who Laughs
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IMPARTIALITY.
The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.
This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.
In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.
Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Man Who Laughs

Chapter XC

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IMPARTIALITY.
Line 2
The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.
Line 3
This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.
Line 4
In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.
Line 5
Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Born noun US /born/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.”

Different noun US /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.”

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

barbarous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

bornnounUS /born/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

Charlemagne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

creation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

date

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

differentnounUS /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

England

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

epochs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

equality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

expedient

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

fiction

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

France

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

genuine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

grand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

history

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

IMPARTIALITY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IMPARTIALITY.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

king

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

le

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

legend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

mock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

peer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

Peerage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

political

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

prince

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

produced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

real

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

relied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

results

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

Robert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

rudimentary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

Sage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

say

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

says

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This rudimentary political expedient produced in France and England different results.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

uncertain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Peerage was born in France; the date is uncertain--under Charlemagne, says the legend; under Robert le Sage, says history, and history is not more to be relied on than legend.

useful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The creation of an equality with the king, called Peerage, was, in barbarous epochs, a useful fiction.

worse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In France, the peer was a mock king; in England, a real prince--less grand than in France, but more genuine: we might say less, but worse.