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The Jungle
The Jungle

Chapter VI

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Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.
All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.
And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.
Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.
The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Jungle

Chapter VI

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.
Line 2
All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.
Line 3
And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.
Line 4
Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.
Line 5
The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Because conjunction US /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading “All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.”

Everything pronoun US /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading “Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.”

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.”

Once noun US /once/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.”

Save preposition US /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading “Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.”

Second noun US /second/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.”

Well noun US /well/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

accepted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

affect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

All

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

came

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

conflict

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

criterion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

cruelties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

Durham's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

EvennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

feast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

future

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

happen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

helping

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

hindering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

home

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

interested

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

judged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

Jurgis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

just

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

marriage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

mean

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

meaning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

Ona

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

Ona's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.

once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

saw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

second

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

suggested

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

thoughts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All his thoughts were there; he accepted the family because it was a part of Ona.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And he was interested in the house because it was to be Ona’s home.

tricks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

union

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

waited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

wedding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Even the tricks and cruelties he saw at Durham’s had little meaning for him just then, save as they might happen to affect his future with Ona.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The marriage would have been at once, if they had had their way; but this would mean that they would have to do without any wedding feast, and when they suggested this they came into conflict with the old people.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis and Ona were very much in love; they had waited a long time—it was now well into the second year, and Jurgis judged everything by the criterion of its helping or hindering their union.