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The Great War in England in 1897
The Great War in England in 1897

Chapter XXIX

Cover illustration for The Great War in England in 1897
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ATTACK ON EDINBURGH.
In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.
The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.
Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.
The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Great War in England in 1897

Chapter XXIX

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ATTACK ON EDINBURGH.
Line 2
In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.
Line 3
The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.
Line 4
Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.
Line 5
The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.”

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.”

Behind preposition US /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.”

Left noun US /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.”

Once noun US /once/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.”

Order noun US /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1st

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

3rd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

advance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

anticipated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

Army

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

ATTACK

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ATTACK ON EDINBURGH.

attacking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

base

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

besiegers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

burning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

carefully

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.

consisting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

Corps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

dawn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

detachment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

difficult

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

direct

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

discovered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

EDINBURGH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ATTACK ON EDINBURGH.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

flanks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

force

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

Glasgow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

guard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

Hills

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

just

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

Kirkliston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

Landing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

leftnounUS /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

Leith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

Linlithgow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

marched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

occupying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading ATTACK ON EDINBURGH.

once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

onslaught

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.

ordernounUS /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

Pentland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

planned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.

protect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

Queensferry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

Russian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russian onslaught had been carefully planned.

sacking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

sharp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

skirmishing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

South

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

strong

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

succeeded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

task

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In attacking Edinburgh the besiegers at once discovered they had a much more difficult task than they had anticipated.

thousand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

towns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

twenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Landing just before dawn, the 1st Corps, consisting of about twenty thousand men, marched direct to Glasgow by way of South Queensferry and Kirkliston, and through Linlithgow, sacking and burning all three towns in the advance.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The 3rd Army Corps succeeded, after some very sharp skirmishing, in occupying the Pentland Hills, in order to protect the flanks of the first force, while a strong detachment was left behind to guard the base at Leith.