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The Great War in England in 1897
The Great War in England in 1897

Chapter V

Cover illustration for The Great War in England in 1897
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BOMBARDMENT OF NEWHAVEN.
At sea the night was dark and moonless.
A thick mist hung near the land.
The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.
The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Great War in England in 1897

Chapter V

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BOMBARDMENT OF NEWHAVEN.
Line 2
At sea the night was dark and moonless.
Line 3
A thick mist hung near the land.
Line 4
The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.
Line 5
The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.”

Peering verb US /ˈpɪrɪŋ/

looking closely or carefully

From this reading “The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A thick mist hung near the land.

alertness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

anxious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

Artillery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

black

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

BOMBARDMENT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BOMBARDMENT OF NEWHAVEN.

cavernous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

cliffs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

Coastguard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

dark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

darkness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

Defence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

depended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

eastern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

England

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

Flotilla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

glimmered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

Harbour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

highest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

hung

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A thick mist hung near the land.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

kept

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A thick mist hung near the land.

light

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

mist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A thick mist hung near the land.

moonless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

near

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A thick mist hung near the land.

nerve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

NEWHAVEN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BOMBARDMENT OF NEWHAVEN.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading BOMBARDMENT OF NEWHAVEN.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

peeringverbUS /ˈpɪrɪŋ/

looking closely or carefully

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

points

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

readiness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

safety

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

sea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

sentinels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

shores

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

southern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

spent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

strained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

tension

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

terribly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

thick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A thick mist hung near the land.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

vantage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At sea the night was dark and moonless.

watch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The Coastguard and Artillery on our southern and eastern shores spent a terribly anxious time, peering from their points of vantage out into the cavernous darkness where no light glimmered.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Harbour Defence Flotilla was in readiness, and under the black cliffs sentinels kept watch with every nerve strained to its highest tension, for the safety of England now depended upon their alertness.