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The Fourth Generation
The Fourth Generation

Chapter V

Cover illustration for The Fourth Generation
Context Illustration Reading 1/69 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.
Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.
It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.
He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.
Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fourth Generation

Chapter V

Reading 1/69 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.
Line 2
Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.
Line 3
It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.
Line 4
He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.
Line 5
Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.”

COMPLETE noun US /complete/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.”

Nobody pronoun US /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading “Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.”

Rest noun US /rest/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.”

Thinking noun US /thinking/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.”

Told noun US /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

ambition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

anxieties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

beset

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

cares

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

COMPLETEnounUS /complete/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

completely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

congratulate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

day's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

defeated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

eleven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

evening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

exempt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

fortunate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

gods

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

going

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

happy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

Leonard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

level

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

likely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

likes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

mankind

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

march

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

NobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

o'clock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

plain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

poornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

refused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

relations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

reminded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

restnounUS /rest/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

sat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

scandals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

SUPPLY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

thinkingnounUS /thinking/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

toldnounUS /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

triumphal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

truths

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

wants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

warned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been refused: he had been told plain truths: he had been called too fortunate: he had been warned that the gods never make any man completely happy: he had been reminded that his life was not likely to be one long triumphal march, nor was he going to be exempt from the anxieties and the cares which beset other people.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE COMPLETE SUPPLY It was eleven o’clock that same evening.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was not a day on which he could congratulate himself.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Nobody likes to be told that he is too fortunate, and that he wants defeated ambition, poor relations, and family scandals to make him level with the rest of mankind.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Leonard sat before his fire thinking over the day’s work.