A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter IV
Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon. He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire. He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life. This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development. His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.
later than; following
From this reading “Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.”
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading “This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.”
a responsibility that must be carried out
From this reading “His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.”
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading “Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.”
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading “He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.”
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading “He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.”
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading “He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.”
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading “His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.”
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading “Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.”
Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
later than; following
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
a responsibility that must be carried out
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He had had the incredible good fortune to escape all the final murderous campaigns of the Empire.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading He had moved from barracks to barracks, dragging on his brutifying military life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading Antoine Macquart had returned to Plassans after the fall of the first Napoleon.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This mode of existence brought his natural vices to full development.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading His idleness became deliberate; his intemperance, which brought him countless punishments, became, to his mind, a veritable religious duty.
