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The Firm of Nucingen
The Firm of Nucingen

Chapter III

Cover illustration for The Firm of Nucingen
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.
Godefroid did not like to be disliked.
Every one has his taste.
Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!
“The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Firm of Nucingen

Chapter III

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.
Line 2
Godefroid did not like to be disliked.
Line 3
Every one has his taste.
/ˈevəri wʌn hæz hɪz teɪst/
Line 4
Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!
Line 5
“The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “Every one has his taste.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Every one has his taste.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading ““The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!”

Mysterious adjective US /mɪˈstɪriəs/

difficult to explain or understand

From this reading ““The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.”

Once noun US /once/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Every one has his taste.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading ““The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.”

Taste verb US /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading “Every one has his taste.”

Went noun US /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.”

Wherever conjunction US /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading ““Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading ““Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

appointed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

aspects

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!

bath-tub

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Godefroid did not like to be disliked.

breakfast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

chambers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

comfortably

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

contortions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

decorated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Godefroid did not like to be disliked.

disliked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Godefroid did not like to be disliked.

distinguishing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

dressing-closet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

enjoy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

envy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every one has his taste.

faces

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

feature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

feel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!

Godefroid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Godefroid did not like to be disliked.

grate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Every one has his taste.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Every one has his taste.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

licked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Godefroid did not like to be disliked.

lips

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

mortified

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

difficult to explain or understand

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

nicely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Godefroid did not like to be disliked.

Now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Every one has his taste.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

practical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!

saw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

smiling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

solid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now for the solid, practical aspects of life!

Some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

sour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading Every one has his taste.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Godefroid did not like to be disliked.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

wentnounUS /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

whereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading “The distinguishing feature of his chambers, where I have licked my lips over breakfast more than once, was a mysterious dressing-closet, nicely decorated, and comfortably appointed, with a grate in it and a bath-tub.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “Some of us would feel mortified if we saw only smiling faces wherever we went; we enjoy the sour contortions of envy.