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The Celibates
The Celibates

Chapter IV

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Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
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In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.
With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.
Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.
The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.
On the walls he hung a few sketches.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Celibates

Chapter IV

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.
Line 2
With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.
Line 3
Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.
Line 4
The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.
Line 5
On the walls he hung a few sketches.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Art auxiliary verb US /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading “In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.”

Feeling noun US /ˈfeeling/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.”

Nothing pronoun US /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading “In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1816

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

adjoined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

ardor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.

arranged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

atelier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

attic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.

chocolate-color

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.

convert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

Descoings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

feelingnounUS /ˈfeeling/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the walls he hung a few sketches.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

garret

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

hall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the walls he hung a few sketches.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.

humble

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.

hung

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the walls he hung a few sketches.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

indispensable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

Joseph

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

lad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

Madame

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

minds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

money

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

mother's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

obtained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the walls he hung a few sketches.

owner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.

painted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.

painter's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

painting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

permission

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

persuaded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.

put

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.

requirements

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

roof

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.

room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

sketches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the walls he hung a few sketches.

skylight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame Descoings persuaded the owner of the house to put a skylight in the roof.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

trade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

turned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

vast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The garret was turned into a vast hall painted in chocolate-color by Joseph himself.

vocation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.

walls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the walls he hung a few sketches.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

widows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1816, Joseph obtained his mother's permission to convert the garret which adjoined his attic room into an atelier, and Madame Descoings gave him a little money for the indispensable requirements of the painter's trade;--in the minds of the two widows, the art of painting was nothing but a trade.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With the feeling and ardor of his vocation, the lad himself arranged his humble atelier.