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The Abbatial Crosier
The Abbatial Crosier

Chapter VIII

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE INTENDANT RICARIK.
One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.
Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.
Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.
She followed the intendant silent and confused.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Abbatial Crosier

Chapter VIII

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE INTENDANT RICARIK.
Line 2
One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.
Line 3
Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.
Line 4
Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.
Line 5
She followed the intendant silent and confused.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Appearance noun US /ˈappearance/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.”

Hands plural noun US /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading “One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

abbey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

appearancenounUS /ˈappearance/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

become

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

Berthoald

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

Bonaik's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

Charles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

charming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

child

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

confused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She followed the intendant silent and confused.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

departure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

entered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

face

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

Father

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

father's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

followed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She followed the intendant silent and confused.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

Frank

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

freedom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

handsplural nounUS /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

hardly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

INTENDANT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE INTENDANT RICARIK.

low

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

Martel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

mother's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

obtained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

pale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

persons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

poornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

previous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

recognizable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

RICARIK

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE INTENDANT RICARIK.

Saturnine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

Septimine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

silent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She followed the intendant silent and confused.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since her departure from the abbey of St. Saturnine, the poor child had become hardly recognizable.

slave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

sued

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

suffered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE INTENDANT RICARIK.

thinned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

together

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

vulgar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

wept

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her charming face had thinned and was pale--so much had she suffered and wept.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.

workshop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the persons who entered Father Bonaik's workshop was Ricarik, the intendant of the abbey, a Frank of a low and vulgar appearance; the other was Septimine, the slave of the abbey of St. Saturnine, whose freedom, together with her father's and mother's, Berthoald had a few days previous sued for and obtained at the hands of Charles Martel.