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Tales of Space and Time
Tales of Space and Time

Chapter VI

Cover illustration for Tales of Space and Time
Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.
In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.
That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.
Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.
The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tales of Space and Time

Chapter VI

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.
Line 2
In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.
Line 3
That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.
Line 4
Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.
Line 5
The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Ancient adjective US /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading “In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.”

Mysterious adjective US /mɪˈstɪriəs/

difficult to explain or understand

From this reading “That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.”

Order noun US /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.”

Thing noun US /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.”

Yet conjunction US /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading “Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

Britain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

building

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

centres

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

century

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.

changed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

China

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

cities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

constant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

darkened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

dawning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.

developments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.

devised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

discovery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

England

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

everywhere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

flow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

fogs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

given

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

GreatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

heating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

horribly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

improved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

inconvenient

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

India

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

inevitable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

insanitary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

keep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

magnetism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

means

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

methods

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

difficult to explain or understand

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

New

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

nineteenth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.

noisy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.

ordernounUS /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

overcome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

population

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

preoccupation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

puerile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

realised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

remarked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

replacing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

result

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

schemes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

smoky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

swift

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

swollen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

thingnounUS /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The first great cities of the new time were horribly inconvenient, darkened by smoky fogs, insanitary and noisy; but the discovery of new methods of building, new methods of heating, changed all this.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

towns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

townward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

transit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

transport

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

travel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

urban

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That this was an inevitable result of improved means of travel and transport--that, given swift means of transit, these things must be--was realised by few; and the most puerile schemes were devised to overcome the mysterious magnetism of the urban centres, and keep the people on the land.

Victorian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

visibly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In Great Britain and New England, in India and China, the same thing was remarked: everywhere a few swollen towns were visibly replacing the ancient order.

writers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The flow of population townward was the constant preoccupation of Victorian writers.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet the developments of the nineteenth century were only the dawning of the new order.