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Remarks
Remarks

Chapter X

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
John Adams' Diary.
(No. 2.)
December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.
I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.
I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Remarks

Chapter X

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
John Adams' Diary.
Line 2
(No. 2.)
Line 3
December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.
Line 4
I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.
Line 5
I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.”

John noun US /john/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “John Adams' Diary.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.”

Nights noun US /naɪts/

Periods of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

From this reading “December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.”

Thought noun US /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.”

Whenever conjunction US /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading “I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (No. 2.)

6

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

Abigail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

Adams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading John Adams' Diary.

always

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

best

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

carried

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

carry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

cellar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

changed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

colder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

December

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

Diary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading John Adams' Diary.

difficulty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

dislike

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

elements

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

England

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

entry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

falling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

fell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

fickle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

foreign

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

growing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

John

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading John Adams' Diary.

kept

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

late

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

New

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

nightsnounUS /naɪts/

Periods of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading (No. 2.)

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

oleander

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

plant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

raised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

rising

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

scrawny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

stairs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

thermometer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

thoughtnounUS /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

usurpation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

weather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading I have carried that plant up and down stairs every time the weather has changed, and the fickle elements of New England have kept me rising and falling with the thermometer, and whenever I raised or fell I most always had that scrawny oleander in my arms.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I do not know which I dislike most, foreign usurpation or the oleander.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.

write

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading December 6.--It is with great difficulty that I write this entry in my diary, for this morning Abigail thought best for me to carry the oleander down into the cellar, as the nights have been growing colder of late.