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Red and Black
Red and Black

Chapter XX

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.
A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.
Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.
In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.
It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Red and Black

Chapter XX

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.
Line 2
A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.
Line 3
Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.
Line 4
In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.
Line 5
It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.”

Beyond preposition US /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading “Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.”

Doctor noun US /doctor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.”

Ever noun US /ever/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.”

Need noun US /need/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.”

Seeing noun US /seeing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.”

Wounded noun US /wounded/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

actually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

amazing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

augmented

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

busiest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

cases

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

continue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

doctornounUS /doctor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

endurance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

engagement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

evernounUS /ever/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

experience

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

extra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

Field

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

force

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

forced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

frequently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

Front

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

HAPPY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

heavily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

held

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

Hospital

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

inability

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

Jane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

Jane's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

kept

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

limit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

longer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

neednounUS /need/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

nerve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

nurse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

nurses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

overtaxed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

physical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

poured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

pure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

rear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

released

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

resource

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

seeing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

sent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

serious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

sheer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

steady

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

stream

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

Surgeons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

torrent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

WARRIOR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

whole

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Jane’s whole experience in this place no doctor or nurse ever gave up and was sent to the rear until actually forced to do so, by pure physical inability longer to continue.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It was amazing how endurance held out, when the need was great, by sheer force of nerve and will.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HAPPY WARRIOR The Field Hospital in which Jane was at work was now seeing its busiest days.

worked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surgeons and nurses worked to the limit and beyond it; they kept on long after they should have been released.

wounded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A steady stream of wounded men poured into it, day and night, frequently augmented after a serious engagement at the Front by such a torrent of extra cases that every resource was heavily overtaxed.