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A Retrieved Reformation
A Retrieved Reformation

Chapter I · Act I: Jimmy Valentine and the Road to Elmore

A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

In a state-prison shoe shop, a guard escorts Jimmy Valentine from his stitching bench to the warden, who holds out a signed pardon; exactly three adult men are visible.
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.
There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.
Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.
He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.
He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Retrieved Reformation

Chapter I · Act I: Jimmy Valentine and the Road to Elmore

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.
Line 2
There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.
Line 3
Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.
Line 4
He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.
Line 5
He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

handed verb US /ˈhændɪd/

To give, pass, or transmit with the hand, literally or figuratively.

From this reading “There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.”

morning noun US /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/

The part of the day from dawn to noon.

From this reading “There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.”

sentence noun US /[ˈsɛntn̩t͡s]/

The decision or judgement of a jury or court; a verdict.

From this reading “He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

assiduously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

came

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

escorted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

expected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

front

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

governor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

guard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

handedverbUS /ˈhændɪd/

To give, pass, or transmit with the hand, literally or figuratively.

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.

Jimmy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

kind

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.

longest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

months

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/

The part of the day from dawn to noon.

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

nearly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.

office

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

pardon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

prison

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

sentencenounUS /[ˈsɛntn̩t͡s]/

The decision or judgement of a jury or court; a verdict.

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

served

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

shoe-shop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

signed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

stay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

stitching

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

ten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

There

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had expected to stay only about three months, at the longest.

tired

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

tooknounUS /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.

uppers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

Valentine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

wardennounUS /ˈwɔːr.dən/

The chief official or governor in charge of a prison institution.

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jimmy took it in a tired kind of way.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading A guard came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There the warden handed Jimmy his pardon, which had been signed that morning by the governor.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had served nearly ten months of a four year sentence.

Chapter Quiz

What is the central narrative or theme conveyed in this section of Act I: Jimmy Valentine Goes Straight in Elmore?

Which core linguistic virtue or character attribute is emphasized in this passage?

According to the text: "A GUARD came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppe...", what tone does the author establish?

Shadowing Practice

Narrator: A GUARD came to the prison shoe-shop, where Jimmy Valentine was assiduously stitching uppers, and escorted him to the front office.
Narrator: The losses were now high enough to bring the matter up into Ben Price’s class of work.