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Northanger Abbey
Northanger Abbey

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Northanger Abbey
Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.
It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.
That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.
But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.
The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Northanger Abbey

Chapter I

Reading 1/1 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.
Line 2
It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.
Line 3
That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.
Line 4
But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.
Line 5
The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.”

Books noun US /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading “The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.”

Disposed noun US /ˈdisposed/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.”

During preposition US /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading “The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.”

Mind noun US /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.”

Neither determiner US /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading “But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.”

Observation noun US /ˈobservation/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.”

Think noun US /think/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1803

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

able

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

advertised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

author

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

bear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

begun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

bookseller

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

business

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

changes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

comparatively

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

concern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

considerable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

disposednounUS /ˈdisposed/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

entreated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

extraordinary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

farther

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

finished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

immediate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

intended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

learn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

manners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

mindnounUS /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

necessary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

observationnounUS /ˈobservation/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

obsolete

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

opinions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

parts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

period

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

places

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

proceeded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

public

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

publication

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

publish

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

purchase

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

seems

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

thinknounUS /think/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

thirteen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

undergone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The public are entreated to bear in mind that thirteen years have passed since it was finished, many more since it was begun, and that during that period, places, manners, books, and opinions have undergone considerable changes.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

why

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was disposed of to a bookseller, it was even advertised, and why the business proceeded no farther, the author has never been able to learn.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

worth-while

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That any bookseller should think it worth-while to purchase what he did not think it worth-while to publish seems extraordinary.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This little work was finished in the year 1803, and intended for immediate publication.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But with this, neither the author nor the public have any other concern than as some observation is necessary upon those parts of the work which thirteen years have made comparatively obsolete.