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North of 36
North of 36

Chapter XIX

Cover illustration for North of 36
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
UNDER WHICH FLAG?
THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.
They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.
Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.
He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

North of 36

Chapter XIX

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
UNDER WHICH FLAG?
Line 2
THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.
Line 3
They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.
Line 4
Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.
Line 5
He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.”

Brought noun US /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.”

Reasons noun US /ˈreasons/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.”

UNDER preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “UNDER WHICH FLAG?”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

a-waiting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

Arbuckle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

broughtnounUS /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

cactus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

cattle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

censored

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

crossed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

declared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

dignity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

district

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

early

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

encamped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

expurgated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

FLAG

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading UNDER WHICH FLAG?

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

highly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

horse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

impatiently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

inspector

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

Jameson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

lay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

miles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

news

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

northern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

originally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

patch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

preferred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

preserve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

reasonsnounUS /ˈreasons/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

Red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

River

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

Rudabaugh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

south

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

Texas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

THIRTY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

thrown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He declared that his horse had thrown him into a cactus patch.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mr. Jameson, cattle inspector for the northern district of Texas, brought them news; but Mr. Jameson, for reasons of his own, preferred to preserve his dignity; so his news was highly censored, expurgated.

Trail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

UNDERprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading UNDER WHICH FLAG?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were and for some days had been impatiently a-waiting news from the south.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.

WHICHpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading UNDER WHICH FLAG?

Whisky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THIRTY miles down the Red River, where it originally was crossed by the old Arbuckle Trail, early known as the Whisky Trail, Rudabaugh and his men lay encamped.