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Letters to Judd, an American Workingman
Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Chapter V

Cover illustration for Letters to Judd, an American Workingman
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.
Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.
If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.
A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.
On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Chapter V

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.
Line 2
Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.
Line 3
If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.
Line 4
A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.
Line 5
On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Amount verb US /əˈmaʊnt/

to reach or total a particular quantity or value

From this reading “On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

Anything pronoun US /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading “A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

Balance noun US /ˈbalance/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.”

Double noun US /double/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

Half noun US /half/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

Hand noun US /hand/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.”

Let auxiliary verb US /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading “A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.”

Suppose noun US /ˈsuppose/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

Take noun US /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.”

Thing noun US /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

add

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

amountverbUS /əˈmaʊnt/

to reach or total a particular quantity or value

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

balancenounUS /ˈbalance/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

bushel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

causes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

changing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

cost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

cut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

DEAR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

dollar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

double

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

go

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

goods

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

grow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

halfnounUS /half/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

hand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

happen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

idea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

JUDD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

money

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

pair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

pan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

poornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

poorer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

price

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

quantity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

relation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

rich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

richer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

right-hand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

say

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

scales

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Money, in its relation to the price of goods, is like a pair of scales in balance.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

studying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

supposenounUS /ˈsuppose/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

system

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

takenounUS /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

thingnounUS /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

understanding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

weight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

wheat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are studying our money system, with the idea of understanding how it causes the rich to grow richer and the poor poorer.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading On the other hand suppose that without changing the amount of wheat in the world, you were to cut in half the amount of money in the world; then the same thing would happen, the cost of a bushel of wheat would go to half a dollar.

world

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

worth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading A bushel of wheat is worth, let us say, one dollar; and if anything should happen to double the quantity of wheat in the world, the price of wheat would go to half a dollar.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading If you add to the weight in the right-hand pan, it will go down; also, the same thing will happen if you take away the weight in the other pan.