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King Richard II
King Richard II

Chapter I

Cover illustration for King Richard II
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.
Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.
King Richard.
Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?
Gaunt.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

King Richard II

Chapter I

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.
Line 2
Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.
Line 3
King Richard.
Line 4
Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?
Line 5
Gaunt.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Against preposition US /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Brought noun US /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Good noun US /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Hast auxiliary verb US /hæst/

an old form of “have”, used with “thou”

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Hither adverb US /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Let auxiliary verb US /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Second noun US /second/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.”

Thou pronoun US /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Thy determiner US /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

according

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Actus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

AgainstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

appeale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Attendants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.

band

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

boistrous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

bold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

BroughtnounUS /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

death

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

Duke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Enter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.

Gaunt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.

goodnounUS /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Hastauxiliary verbUS /hæst/

an old form of “have”, used with “thou”

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

heare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Heere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Henry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Herford

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Iohn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.

King

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

Lancaster

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

late

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

leysure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Mowbray

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Nobles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.

Norfolke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

oath

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

Old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Prima

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

Primus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

Scaena

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

Second

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

son

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The life and death of King Richard the Second Actus Primus, Scaena Prima.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

Thomas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

time-honoured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

vs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

WhichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Enter King Richard, Iohn of Gaunt, with other Nobles and Attendants.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

y

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster, Hast thou according to thy oath and band Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold son: Heere to make good y boistrous late appeale, Which then our leysure would not let vs heare, Against the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?