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Joan, the Curate
Joan, the Curate

Chapter XIII

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A LATE VISITOR.
Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.
He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.
He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.
Was it to shield him from the attacks of her confederates?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Joan, the Curate

Chapter XIII

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A LATE VISITOR.
Line 2
Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.
Line 3
He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.
Line 4
He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.
Line 5
Was it to shield him from the attacks of her confederates?

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.”

Above preposition US /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.”

Complete noun US /complete/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.”

Done noun US /done/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.”

Moreover adverb US /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading “He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.”

Something pronoun US /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading “Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.”

Wondered noun US /wondered/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A LATE VISITOR.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

Ann

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

attack

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

attacks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it to shield him from the attacks of her confederates?

bales

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

cellar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

comfortable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

completenounUS /complete/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

confederates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it to shield him from the attacks of her confederates?

darkness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

difficulty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

donenounUS /done/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

fall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

far

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

finding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

floor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

floundered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

flung

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

footing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

hard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

high

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

intention

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Was it to shield him from the attacks of her confederates?

kegs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

LATE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A LATE VISITOR.

luckily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

lying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

moreoveradverbUS /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

piled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

prisoner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

realize

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

resting-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

shield

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it to shield him from the attacks of her confederates?

silk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

spirit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

spirits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

suddenness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

surprise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

taken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

thus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

Tregenna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

VISITOR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A LATE VISITOR.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Tregenna was so much taken by surprise by the suddenness of the attack made upon him by Ann, that he did not realize her intention until he found himself lying on something which was luckily not very hard, on the cellar floor, in complete darkness.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

wonderednounUS /wondered/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He floundered about in the darkness, with difficulty finding a footing, and wondered in what spirit Ann had made him thus a prisoner.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He had not had far to fall; for the bales of silk which had been flung in from above were piled high, and made, moreover, a more comfortable resting-place than kegs of spirits would have done.