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Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile
Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile

Chapter XXIII · Continued

Cover illustration for Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile
Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.
A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.
It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.
When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.
The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile

Chapter XXIII · Continued

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.
Line 2
A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.
Line 3
It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.
Line 4
When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.
Line 5
The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.”

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.”

Next noun US /next/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.”

Took noun US /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.”

Went noun US /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

action

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

All

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

baked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

base

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

black

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

boiling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

bricks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

bringing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

burnt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

came

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

changing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

charcoal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

color

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

contents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

crackled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

curious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

deteriorated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

direction

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

dull

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

duly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

extinguished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

fagots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

feeding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

fires

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

fit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

flaming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

fuel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

gradually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

grotesque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

hardly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

higher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

highest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

immediately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

Israel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

kiln

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

kilns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

layers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

lining

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

lobsters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

low

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

midmost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

mouth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

nextnounUS /next/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

often

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

ones

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

opposite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

peep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

perfect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

prices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

sat

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From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

scrolls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

see

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

service

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

shapes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

smoke

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From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

sound

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

square

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

successive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

tier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

tooknounUS /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

tops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

torments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

twisted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

upward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

useless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

vaulted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

vaults

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was curious to see the kilns under the action of the fire, gradually changing color, like boiling lobsters.

ways

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

wentnounUS /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A dull smoke—a smoke of their torments—went up from their tops.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading All night long, men sat before the mouth of the kilns, feeding them with fuel.

withered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading When, at last, the fires would be extinguished, the bricks being duly baked, Israel often took a peep into the low vaulted ways at the base, where the flaming fagots had crackled.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading The bricks immediately lining the vaults would be all burnt to useless scrolls, black as charcoal, and twisted into shapes the most grotesque; the next tier would be a little less withered, but hardly fit for service; and gradually, as you went higher and higher along the successive layers of the kiln, you came to the midmost ones, sound, square, and perfect bricks, bringing the highest prices; from these the contents of the kiln gradually deteriorated in the opposite direction, upward.