Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
adeterminerUS /ə/
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
actually
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/
later than; following
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
andeterminerUS /æn/
the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
andconjunctionUS /ənd/
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
arisen
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
associates
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
atprepositionUS /æt/
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading Six months at Mallender had undoubtedly depressed his spirits.
bright
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
byprepositionUS /baɪ/
showing who or what does the action
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
Byng
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
change
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
contemporaries
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
contractors
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
Court
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
death
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
depressed
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Six months at Mallender had undoubtedly depressed his spirits.
died
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
dilapidated
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
enjoying
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
fallen
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
father
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
former
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
Fort
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
friends
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
generation
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
Geoffrey
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
glimpse
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
group
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
guests
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
heirnounUS /er/
A person legally or magically entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
herenounUS /here/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
himpronounUS /hɪm/
the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/
used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
home
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
inprepositionUS /ɪn/
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
inexpressibly
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/
moving to the inside of something
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
introduced
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
invite
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
ItpronounUS /ɪt/
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
keen
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
knew
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
known
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
late
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
lawyers
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
lifenounUS /life/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
listening
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
Mallender
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
men
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
months
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Six months at Mallender had undoubtedly depressed his spirits.
namenounUS /name/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
neighbourhoods
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
new
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
nodeterminerUS /noʊ/
not any; not one
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
notadverbUS /nɑːt/
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
oblivion
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
old
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
other
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
out
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
proved
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
quartered
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
questionnounUS /ˈquestion/
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
removed
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
roof
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
samenounUS /same/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
school-fellow
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
service
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
shabby
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
shootingnounUS /ˈshooting/
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
Six
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Six months at Mallender had undoubtedly depressed his spirits.
sole
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
spirits
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Six months at Mallender had undoubtedly depressed his spirits.
streamed
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
Surrounded
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
surveyors
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
talking
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
thedeterminerUS /ðə/
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
there
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/
used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
thoroughly
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
throughnounUS /ˈthrough/
a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
toparticleUS /tuː/
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
undoubtedly
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Six months at Mallender had undoubtedly depressed his spirits.
unexpected
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
upbringing
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
water
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
welcome
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
well
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
whereconjunctionUS /wer/
in or at the place that
From this reading It was out of the question to invite guests to his shabby dilapidated home, where the water streamed through the roof, and there was no shooting.
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
whopronounUS /huː/
which person or people
From this reading This unexpected change to a bright glimpse of his former life, proved inexpressibly welcome to Geoffrey: here were men well known to him by name, and actually an old school-fellow, who was quartered in the Fort.
whompronounUS /huːm/
the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
years
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the death of his father, lawyers, surveyors, and contractors were his sole associates; for of late years the Court had fallen into oblivion; old friends had died or removed to other neighbourhoods, and a new generation arisen which knew not the heir.
young
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Surrounded by a group to whom Byng had introduced him, Mallender was enjoying himself thoroughly, listening and talking to keen young men of the same upbringing and service--his contemporaries.
