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Honoré de Balzac
Honoré de Balzac

Chapter II

Cover illustration for Honoré de Balzac
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.
Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.
Was Frenhofer sane or mad?
Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?
Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Honoré de Balzac

Chapter II

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.
Line 2
Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.
Line 3
Was Frenhofer sane or mad?
Line 4
Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?
Line 5
Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Again noun US /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.”

Come noun US /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?”

Ever noun US /ever/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?”

Hands plural noun US /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading “The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?”

Seemed noun US /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.”

Surprised noun US /surprised/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

againnounUS /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

artistic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

become

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

bright

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

caprice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

cheeks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

comenounUS /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

Couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

emotion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

evernounUS /ever/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

expressed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

extraordinary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

eyes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

fanaticism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

flushed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

force

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

Frenhofer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was Frenhofer sane or mad?

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

gestation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

gleamed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

handsplural nounUS /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

hope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

ideas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

mad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was Frenhofer sane or mad?

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

novel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Was Frenhofer sane or mad?

pale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

passion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

passionate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

Porbus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

proceed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

produced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

profound

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

reply

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

sane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was Frenhofer sane or mad?

seemednounUS /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

shook

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

spell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

spoken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

strange

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

surprisednounUS /surprised/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

understanding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Could one hope ever to come to an understanding with that extraordinary passion?

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

Wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Was Frenhofer sane or mad?

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.

words

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Porbus, surprised by the passionate force with which the words were spoken, did not know what reply to make to an emotion no less novel than profound.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was he under the spell of an artistic caprice, or did the ideas which he had expressed proceed from that strange fanaticism produced in us by the long gestation of a great work?

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old man seemed to have become young again; his eyes gleamed with life; his pale cheeks flushed a bright red, and his hands shook.