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Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa
Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21, section 1: The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth. As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guar
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.
As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.
The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.
On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.
If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa

Chapter XXI

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.
Line 2
As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.
Line 3
The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.
Line 4
On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.
Line 5
If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

vesta noun US /ˈvestə/

(Roman mythology) goddess of the hearth and its fire whose flame was tended by vestal virgins; counterpart of Greek Hestia

From this reading “The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.”

Collocations
The VestalsA source-grounded phrase from this reading.
Vestals VestaA source-grounded phrase from this reading.
All words in this reading · 88

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

afterward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

altar-fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

basis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

bond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

came

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

centernounUS /ˈsɛn.tər/

The middle point or core of an area.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

child

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

claim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

common

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

considered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

danger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

domestic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

essential

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

evernounUS /ever/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

food

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

gathered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

generally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

goddess

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

greater

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

guardian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

happiness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

hearth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

hospitality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

household

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

lay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

man's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

master's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

meal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

modern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

offered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

oldest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

partook

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

prayers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

protection

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

recognized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

refuge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

Rhea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

sacrifices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

Saturn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

seeking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

shared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

significance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

suppliant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

surenounUS /sure/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If a suppliant was seeking protection from any danger, it was to a man's hearth that he came as a sure place of refuge.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

ties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.

times

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

union

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

VestanounUS /ˈvestə/

(Roman mythology) goddess of the hearth and its fire whose flame was tended by vestal virgins; counterpart of Greek Hestia

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

Vestals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Vestals Vesta was the oldest child of Saturn and Rhea, and was the goddess of the family hearth.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The hearth in ancient days had a much greater significance than in modern times, for it was the center of the household, around which the family gathered for their common meal and common worship.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading On the hearth, as an altar-fire, the head of the household offered prayers and sacrifices; and it made a bond of union so generally recognized that he who partook of food there, or who shared in the family worship, could ever afterward lay claim to the master's hospitality.

worship

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the hearth was the basis of all domestic ties, Vesta was considered the guardian of family happiness, and her worship was an essential part of the family life.