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Germinal
Germinal

Chapter XX

Cover illustration for Germinal
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.
It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.
The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.
The strike was gradually becoming general.
At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Germinal

Chapter XX

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.
Line 2
It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.
Line 3
The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.
Line 4
The strike was gradually becoming general.
Line 5
At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.”

Resting noun US /ˈresting/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.”

Resumed noun US /ˈresumed/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.”

Silence noun US /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading “At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.”

Third noun US /third/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

affected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

becoming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The strike was gradually becoming general.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

Crévecoeur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

decrease

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

directors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

exasperated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

expected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

Feutry-Cantel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

fortnight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

fresh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

general

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The strike was gradually becoming general.

gone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

gradually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The strike was gradually becoming general.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

heavy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.

hung

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

lists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

Madeleine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

managers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

miners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

Mirou

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

Monday

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

number

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

obstinacy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

pit-mouth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.

pits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

quarter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

restingnounUS /ˈresting/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

resumednounUS /ˈresumed/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

Saint-Thomas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

sent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

showed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading At the Voreux a heavy silence hung over the pit-mouth.

strike

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The strike was gradually becoming general.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

thirdnounUS /third/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

Victoire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

Voreux

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

week

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Voreux, Crévecoeur, Mirou, and Madeleine were not the only pits resting; at the Victoire and at Feutry-Cantel only about a quarter of the men had gone down; even Saint-Thomas was affected.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A fortnight had passed, and on the Monday of the third week the lists sent up to the managers showed a fresh decrease in the number of the miners who had gone down.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.

yielding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was expected that on that morning work would be resumed, but the obstinacy of the directors in not yielding exasperated the miners.