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Germinal
Germinal

Chapter VII

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.
One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.
Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.
Suddenly he was blinded.
The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Germinal

Chapter VII

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.
Line 2
One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.
Line 3
Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.
Line 4
Suddenly he was blinded.
Line 5
The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Above preposition US /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.”

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.”

Already noun US /already/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.”

Course noun US /course/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.”

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.”

Nothing pronoun US /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading “Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.”

Once noun US /once/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.”

Pleasant noun US /pleasant/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.”

Suddenly noun US /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Suddenly he was blinded.”

Well noun US /well/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

alreadynounUS /already/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

ascended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

ascent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

avoid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

blinded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly he was blinded.

bottom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

bread

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

brightness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

cage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

Catherine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

continue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

coursenounUS /course/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

daylight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

die

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

earn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

education

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

end

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

enervating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

eyelids

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

famished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

felt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

flock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

foolish

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

go

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

grown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

heaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

hell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

longer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

masters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

one's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

pleasantnounUS /pleasant/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

possible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

preferred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

quivered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

rapid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

resignation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

resolved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

roads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

strangling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

stunned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

SuddenlynounUS /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Suddenly he was blinded.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

thoughts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

tram

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

unaccustomed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

warmth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading One might as well die at once as go down to the bottom of that hell, where it was not even possible to earn one's bread.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The ascent had been so rapid that he was stunned by the daylight, and his eyelids quivered in the brightness to which he had already grown unaccustomed.

wider

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Catherine, in the tram above him, was no longer at his side with her pleasant enervating warmth; and he preferred to avoid foolish thoughts and to go away, for with his wider education he felt nothing of the resignation of this flock; he would end by strangling one of the masters.

Étienne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he ascended in the cage heaped up with four others, Étienne resolved to continue his famished course along the roads.