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Essays of Travel
Essays of Travel

Chapter XV

Cover illustration for Essays of Travel
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It is a people of lace-makers.
The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.
Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.
They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.
A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Essays of Travel

Chapter XV

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It is a people of lace-makers.
Line 2
The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.
Line 3
Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.
Line 4
They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.
Line 5
A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.”

Above preposition US /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.”

Another noun US /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.”

Hear noun US /hear/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.”

Herself pronoun US /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading “A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.”

Sometimes noun US /sometimes/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is a people of lace-makers.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

ago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

air

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

anothernounUS /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

audible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

black

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

bobbins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

brigand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

brightness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

cap

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

caps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

clattering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

colour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

district

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

earn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

edification

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

England

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

felt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

five

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

foreign

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

francs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

gaudy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

gay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

give

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

group

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

groups

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

hat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

hearnounUS /hear/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a people of lace-makers.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a people of lace-makers.

lace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

lace-makers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is a people of lace-makers.

largely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

London

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

Monastier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

noise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

Now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is a people of lace-makers.

off

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is a people of lace-makers.

pound

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

prayers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

ribbon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

shawls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

sit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

six

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

sometimes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

street

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

streets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

supplied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

torchon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

unusual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

wear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

white

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They wear gaudy shawls, white caps with a gay ribbon about the head, and sometimes a black felt brigand hat above the cap; and so they give the street colour and brightness and a foreign air.

woman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

women

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women sit in the streets by groups of five or six; and the noise of the bobbins is audible from one group to another.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.

worth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A while ago, when England largely supplied herself from this district with the lace called _torchon_, it was not unusual to earn five francs a day; and five francs in Monastier is worth a pound in London.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Now and then you will hear one woman clattering off prayers for the edification of the others at their work.