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Essays and Lectures
Essays and Lectures

Chapter XI

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
What is a picture?
Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.
It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.
All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.
* * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Essays and Lectures

Chapter XI

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
What is a picture?
Line 2
Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.
Line 3
It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.
Line 4
All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.
Line 5
* * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Fragment noun US /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

A small part broken or separated off something larger.

From this reading “Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “* * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.”

Look noun US /look/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “* * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.”

Thing noun US /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading What is a picture?

All

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

archæological

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

artist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.

artistic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

bad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

beautiful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

beautifully

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

blue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

coloured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

curious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

Damascus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

decorative

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

delight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

exquisite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

fragmentnounUS /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

A small part broken or separated off something larger.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

give

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

glass

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

going

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.

historical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

immediately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

interesting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What is a picture?

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

joy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading * * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.

looknounUS /look/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

meaning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

merely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

message

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading * * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

picture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What is a picture?

pictures

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

Primarily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

purely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

sad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

say

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

sentimental

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

spiritual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

surface

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading All archæological pictures that make you say ‘How curious!’ all sentimental pictures that make you say, ‘How sad!’ all historical pictures that make you say ‘How interesting!’ all pictures that do not immediately give you such artistic joy as to make you say ‘How beautiful!’ are bad pictures.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

thingnounUS /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

tile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is, primarily, a purely decorative thing, a delight to look at.

Venetian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

wall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading * * * * * We never know what an artist is going to do.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What is a picture?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Primarily, a picture is a beautifully coloured surface, merely, with no more spiritual message or meaning for you than an exquisite fragment of Venetian glass or a blue tile from the wall of Damascus.