Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Driven Back to Eden
Driven Back to Eden

Chapter XVIII

Cover illustration for Driven Back to Eden
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.
Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.
Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.
Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.
The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Driven Back to Eden

Chapter XVIII

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.
Line 2
Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.
Line 3
Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.
Line 4
Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.
Line 5
The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.”

Beyond preposition US /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading “Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.”

During preposition US /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading “RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.”

Left noun US /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.”

Myself pronoun US /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading “Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.”

Need noun US /need/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.”

Quite noun US /quite/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.”

Sure noun US /sure/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.”

Therefore adverb US /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading “Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.”

Wind noun US /wind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.”

Within preposition US /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading “Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

almost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

attacked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

attended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

best

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

boughs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

correct

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

cutting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

died

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

fairly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

finding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

gained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

gusty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

idea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

Jamison

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

knew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

ladder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

larger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

leaving

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

leftnounUS /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

leisure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

LESSONS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

limbs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

March

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

month

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

neednounUS /need/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

problem

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

provided

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

pruning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

quitenounUS /quite/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

RASPBERRY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

reading

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

recently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

remembered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

sawing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

shed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

spent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

sprouts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

studying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

surenounUS /sure/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

task

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

ThereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

thoroughly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

thus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

tools

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

trees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

UntilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

useless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

vigorously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

windnounUS /wind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The wind had almost died out, and I knew I must make the most of all still days in this gusty month.

winter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASPBERRY LESSONS It must be remembered that I had spent all my leisure during the winter in reading and studying the problem of our country life.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Before leaving the city I had provided myself with such tools as I was sure I should need; and finding a ladder under a shed, I attacked the trees vigorously.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Therefore I knew that March was the best month for pruning trees, and I had gained a fairly correct idea how to do this work.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until within the last two or three years of his life, old Mr. Jamison had attended to this task quite thoroughly; and thus little was left for me beyond sawing away the boughs that had recently died, and cutting out the useless sprouts on the larger limbs.