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Down the River
Down the River

Chapter XX

Cover illustration for Down the River
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
EMILY GOODRIDGE.
In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.
Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.
I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.
I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down the River

Chapter XX

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
EMILY GOODRIDGE.
Line 2
In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.
Line 3
Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.
Line 4
I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.
Line 5
I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Another noun US /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.”

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.”

Save preposition US /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading “Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.”

Strength noun US /ˈstrength/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.”

Till preposition US /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

able

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

advise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

anothernounUS /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

another's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

breath

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

charge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

competent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

consists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

depend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

deserts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

economical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

effort

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

EMILY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading EMILY GOODRIDGE.

enough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

exertions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

fails

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

felt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

friends

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

fritters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

generally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

GOODRIDGE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading EMILY GOODRIDGE.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

held

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

learn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

lesson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

mainly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

man's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

moment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

peril

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

principally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

raft

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

recovered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

refrain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

stock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

strengthnounUS /ˈstrength/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

strong

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

struggling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

trade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

unreasonable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

use

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

useless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

want

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

wastes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.

water

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the water, struggling for his own or another's life, a man's stock in trade consists mainly of breath.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I held on at the raft till I had recovered my breath, and felt strong enough to make another effort; for I found that my own life and that of my charge were to depend principally on my own exertions.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

WithoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Without that he can't do much, and generally he fails for the want of it; not when life deserts him, but when he might, by an economical use of it, have been able to save himself.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been in the water enough to learn this lesson, and to be competent to advise all my young friends, in the moment of peril, to refrain from useless and unreasonable struggling, for that wastes the breath, and fritters away the strength.