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Confidence
Confidence

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Confidence
Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.
He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.
He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.
He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.
He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Confidence

Chapter I

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.
Line 2
He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.
Line 3
He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.
Line 4
He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.
Line 5
He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.”

Conscience noun US /ˈkɑːnʃəns/

the inner sense of right and wrong

From this reading “He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.”

Journey noun US /ˈjourney/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.”

Several noun US /ˈseveral/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.”

Spending noun US /ˈspending/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.”

Take noun US /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

Alps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

appealed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

April

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

Bernard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

charm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

consciencenounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəns/

the inner sense of right and wrong

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

consciousness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

contemplative

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

continue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

dallied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

duties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

early

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

fancy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

five

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

further

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

harshly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

impossible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

intended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

Italian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

Italy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

journeynounUS /ˈjourney/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

judged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

lingering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

Longueville

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

northward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

notes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

pictorial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

pretext

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

Rome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

several

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

Siena

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

sketching

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

social

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

speculative

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

spend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

spendingnounUS /ˈspending/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

spent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

spring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

takenounUS /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had a fancy for sketching, and it was on his conscience to take a few pictorial notes.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

travelled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

turn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

visit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He had spent five days at Siena, where he had intended to spend but two, and still it was impossible to continue his journey.

winter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the early days of April; Bernard Longueville had been spending the winter in Rome.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He had travelled northward with the consciousness of several social duties that appealed to him from the further side of the Alps, but he was under the charm of the Italian spring, and he made a pretext for lingering.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a young man of a contemplative and speculative turn, and this was his first visit to Italy, so that if he dallied by the way he should not be harshly judged.