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Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
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Clergymen and Doctors
Clergymen and Doctors

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Clergymen and Doctors
Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).
Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.
Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.
Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.
Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Clergymen and Doctors

Chapter I

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).
Line 2
Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.
Line 3
Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.
Line 4
Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.
Line 5
Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.”

Printed noun US /printed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.”

All words in this reading · 47

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

bold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

capital

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

capitals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

clear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

corrected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

enclosed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

equal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

errors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

face

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

fixed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

inconsistencies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

Irregularities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

it's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

marks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

Minor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

Mismatched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

missing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

note

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

placed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

printednounUS /printed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

punctuation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

quote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

quotes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

replaced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

retained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

Small

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

sufficiently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

Text

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

typographical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.