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Les Misérables
Les Misérables

Chapter CCCXI

Chapter 311, section 1: Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.” “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre. Those who have preserved some memory of this alrea
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”
“He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.
Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.
It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.
A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Les Misérables

Chapter CCCXI

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”
Line 2
“He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.
Line 3
Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.
Line 4
It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.
Line 5
A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Against preposition US /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Already noun US /already/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.”

Deserted verb US /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

left a place or vessel without intending to return

From this reading “A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.”

Distant adjective US /ˈdɪstənt/

not friendly or close

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Good noun US /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Memory noun US /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Muttered verb US /ˈmʌtərd/

spoke in a low voice that was difficult to hear

From this reading “Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.””

Order noun US /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.”

Question noun US /ˈquestion/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.””

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Valiant adj US /ˈvæl.jənt/

Possessing or showing courage or determination; heroic. (Dũng cảm, quả cảm, anh hùng.)

From this reading “Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1832

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

alreadynounUS /already/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.

answer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

became

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

Bossuet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

certain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

closed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

Combeferre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

Combeferre's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

Cunette

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

dance-hall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.

des

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

desertedverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

left a place or vessel without intending to return

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

not friendly or close

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

dram-shop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

ear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

epoch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

establishment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

goodnounUS /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

got

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

Guard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

gun-shots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

insurrections

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

intrepid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.

June

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.

keeper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

killed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

la

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

leonine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

mutteredverbUS /ˈmʌtərd/

spoke in a low voice that was difficult to hear

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

National

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

ordernounUS /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

Pantin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

particularly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.

preserve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

preserved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

questionnounUS /ˈquestion/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Bossuet muttered in Combeferre’s ear: “He did not answer my question.”

represented

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

riots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

sight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

suburbs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

tea-garden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

valiantadjUS /ˈvæl.jənt/

Possessing or showing courage or determination; heroic. (Dũng cảm, quả cảm, anh hùng.)

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

Vertus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Those who have preserved some memory of this already distant epoch know that the National Guard from the suburbs was valiant against insurrections.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading “He is a man who does good by gun-shots,” said Combeferre.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading A certain good dram-shop keeper of Pantin des Vertus or la Cunette, whose “establishment” had been closed by the riots, became leonine at the sight of his deserted dance-hall, and got himself killed to preserve the order represented by a tea-garden.

zealous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was particularly zealous and intrepid in the days of June, 1832.