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Chapter XV

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Context Illustration Reading 1/63 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.
Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.
When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."
Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.
In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cardigan

Chapter XV

Reading 1/63 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.
Line 2
Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.
Line 3
When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."
Line 4
Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.
Line 5
In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.”

Formidable adjective US /ˈfɔːrmɪdəbəl/

very difficult to deal with or overcome

From this reading “Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.”

Interrupted noun US /ˈinterrupted/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.”

Sometimes noun US /sometimes/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.”

Stood noun US /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.”

Taste verb US /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading “When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."”

Within preposition US /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading “I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1755

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

58

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

Arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

audiences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

ballroom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

Braddock's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

brief

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

building

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

built

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

came

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

Cockade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

colonies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

completed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

court-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

de

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

debut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

deputies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

drums

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

Duquesne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

edifice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

England

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

exceeding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

exception

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

fifes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

flag

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

formidableadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmɪdəbəl/

very difficult to deal with or overcome

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

Fort

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

fortifications

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

fortified

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

Fortresse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

French

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

Governor's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

Hall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

host

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

Hudson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

hurrahs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

Indian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

interruptednounUS /ˈinterrupted/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

jail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

Johnstown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

La

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

learned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

limits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

Now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

occasionally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

often

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

Pitt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

plaintiffs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

playing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

PoornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

portal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

powder-stained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

ran

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

razed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

received

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In it he gave audiences to all plaintiffs, white or Indian; in it he received deputies from other colonies or from England.

red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

Reine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

residence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

saluted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

satisfaction

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

seized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

served

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

set

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

so-called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

solidly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

sometimes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

spared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

stone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

stoodnounUS /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

temporary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

troops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

Virginia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

west

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

White

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When in '58 our troops seized Fort Duquesne and razed it, they not only spared La Fortresse de la Reine, but completed it--in exceeding poor taste--set the arms of Virginia over the portal, ran up their red, powder-stained flag, and saluted "Governor's Hall" with hurrahs of satisfaction, drums and fifes playing "The White Cockade."

Williamsburg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the hall served sometimes as a court-house, sometimes as a temporary jail, often as a ballroom, occasionally as the Governor's residence when he came to Fort Pitt from Williamsburg.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading I had learned from our host of the "Virginia Arms" that the so-called "Governor's Hall," which stood within the limits of the fortifications, had been built by the French in 1755.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Braddock's brief debut before Fort Duquesne in that same year interrupted the building of "Governor's Hall," which was called by the French "La Fortresse de la Reine," and which, with the exception of our stone fort at Johnstown, was the only formidable and solidly fortified edifice of stone west of the Hudson.