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Biographical Stories
Biographical Stories

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Biographical Stories
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.
It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.
He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.
Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.
This was a sad thing for Edward.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Biographical Stories

Chapter I

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.
Line 2
It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.
Line 3
He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.
Line 4
Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.
Line 5
This was a sad thing for Edward.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.”

Lest conjunction US /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading “It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.”

Therefore adverb US /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading “He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.”

Thing noun US /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “This was a sad thing for Edward.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

afflicted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

apprehensions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

bandage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

become

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

blessed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

blind

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

boy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

chamber

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

darkened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

delicate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

directions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

disorder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

Edward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

eight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

eyes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

felt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This was a sad thing for Edward.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

heaven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

keep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

lad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

lestconjunctionUS /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

light

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

naturally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

nine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

poornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

ray

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

sad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was a sad thing for Edward.

severe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

sight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

strict

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

suffered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

surgeon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

Temple

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

thingnounUS /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading This was a sad thing for Edward.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was a sad thing for Edward.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He therefore gave strict directions to keep him in a darkened chamber, with a bandage over his eyes.

totally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so severe, and his sight was naturally so delicate, that the surgeon felt some apprehensions lest the boy should become totally blind.

visit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a ray of the blessed light of heaven could be suffered to visit the poor lad.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Edward Temple was about eight or nine years old he was afflicted with a disorder of the eyes.