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Behind the bronze door
Behind the bronze door

Chapter XXV

Cover illustration for Behind the bronze door
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CITY OF SMILES.
Paris has greatly changed since the war.
The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.
The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.
Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Behind the bronze door

Chapter XXV

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CITY OF SMILES.
Line 2
Paris has greatly changed since the war.
Line 3
The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.
Line 4
The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.
Line 5
Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.”

Good noun US /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Paris has greatly changed since the war.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “Paris has greatly changed since the war.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1914

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

bonhomie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

boulevards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

changed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paris has greatly changed since the war.

CITY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE CITY OF SMILES.

collectively

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.

considered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.

deal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

discussing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

feature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

friend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

goodnounUS /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

greatly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paris has greatly changed since the war.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Paris has greatly changed since the war.

Hopford

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

Hopford's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

Idris

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

inhabitants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.

Johnson's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

joined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

Le

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

Llanvar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

marked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

Matin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

matters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE CITY OF SMILES.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

Paris

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paris has greatly changed since the war.

serious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants, considered collectively, are more serious.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Paris has greatly changed since the war.

SMILES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE CITY OF SMILES.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

staying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

subsided

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CITY OF SMILES.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

war

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paris has greatly changed since the war.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

worked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hopford and Johnson’s friend, Idris Llanvar, with whom Hopford was now staying, were discussing these and other matters one morning in Paris, when they were joined by Hopford’s friend who worked for _Le Matin_.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _bonhomie_ of the boulevards, so marked a feature before the year 1914, has subsided a good deal.