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A Bed of Roses
A Bed of Roses

Chapter XVIII

Cover illustration for A Bed of Roses
Context Illustration Reading 1/58 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE days passed away horribly long.
Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.
Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.
She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.
For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Bed of Roses

Chapter XVIII

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE days passed away horribly long.
Line 2
Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.
Line 3
Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.
Line 4
She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.
Line 5
For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE days passed away horribly long.”

Merchant noun US /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading “She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE days passed away horribly long.”

Returned noun US /ˈreturned/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

afford

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

attic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

automaton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE days passed away horribly long.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

Betty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

chambers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

City

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE days passed away horribly long.

dwelling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

End

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

fallen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

felt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

Finsbury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

furnished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

HerdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

home

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

horribly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE days passed away horribly long.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

joy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

large

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

London

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE days passed away horribly long.

longer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

luxury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

mansion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

minimum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

moved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE days passed away horribly long.

put

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

reduced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

returnednounUS /ˈreturned/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

shillings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

sorrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

state

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

tenement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE days passed away horribly long.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading For the first time since she returned to London she had furnished her own room.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

Victoria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Victoria was now an automaton; she no longer felt much of sorrow or of joy.

week

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

West

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her home life had been reduced to a minimum, for she could no longer afford the luxury of 'chambers in the West End' as Betty put it.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading She had moved to Finsbury; where she had found a large attic for three shillings a week, in a house which had fallen from the state of mansion for a City merchant to that of tenement dwelling.