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813

Chapter XI

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Context Illustration Reading 1/227 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.
They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.
It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.
The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.
All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

813

Chapter XI

Reading 1/227 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.
Line 2
They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.
Line 3
It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.
Line 4
The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.
Line 5
All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Left noun US /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.”

Standing noun US /ˈstanding/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.”

Well noun US /well/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1377

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

Archbishop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

banks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

built

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

burnt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

castle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

cavities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

centuries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

comprise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

display

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

dungeon-keep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

EMPEROR'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

empty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

enormous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

entirety

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

feudal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

Fistingen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

frontages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

furniture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.

grand-dukes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

gutted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

hangings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.

Hermann

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

hundred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

II

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

large

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

leftnounUS /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

LETTERS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

lived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

Moselle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

palace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

rebellious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

remains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

Renascence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

Rhine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

ruins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

s

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

sacked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

standingnounUS /ˈstanding/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

subjects

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

troops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

Turenne's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

Veldenz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

visit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

wainscoting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.

walls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was this palace that was sacked by Hermann II.'s rebellious subjects.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading All the wainscoting, the hangings and most of the furniture were burnt.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE EMPEROR'S LETTERS The ruins of Veldenz are well known to all who visit the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle.

windows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

yawning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The empty windows display two hundred yawning cavities on the four frontages.

Zweibrucken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They comprise the remains of the old feudal castle, built in 1377 by the Archbishop of Fistingen, an enormous dungeon-keep, gutted by Turenne's troops, and the walls, left standing in their entirety, of a large Renascence palace, in which the grand-dukes of Zweibrucken lived for three centuries.