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20 hrs., 40 min.
20 hrs., 40 min.

Chapter XII

Cover illustration for 20 hrs., 40 min.
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”
For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.
When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.
Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.
It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

20 hrs., 40 min.

Chapter XII

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”
Line 2
For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.
Line 3
When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.
Line 4
Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.
Line 5
It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Although noun US /ˈalthough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.””

Come noun US /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.”

Express verb US /ɪkˈspres/

to show or communicate a feeling or idea

From this reading “Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.””

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.””

Outside noun US /ˈoutside/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.””

Themselves pronoun US /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading “For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.””

All words in this reading · 80

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

air

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

althoughnounUS /ˈalthough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

America

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

appliances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

appropriate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

AVIATION

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

better

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

carrying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

chapter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

comenounUS /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

comparable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

development

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

devices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

electric

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

essential

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

everyday

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

to show or communicate a feeling or idea

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

fly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

flyers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

freight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

household

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

influence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

just

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

leisure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

mail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

making

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

modern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

note

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

OutsidenounUS /ˈoutside/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

passengers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

phenomenon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

planes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

really

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

refrigerator

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

sold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

sporting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

thoroughly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

title

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

Today

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

transport

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

transportation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

utility

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

vacuum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the modern note in transportation, comparable to the electric refrigerator, vacuum devices and all the other leisure making appliances of the household.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Today we have planes for carrying passengers, mail, express and freight.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading For women really to influence aviation development it is not essential that they be flyers themselves, although the more who fly the better.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading When the women of America are thoroughly “sold” on aviation, not only as a sporting phenomenon but as an everyday utility, air transport will come into its own.

WOMEN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WOMEN IN AVIATION While this chapter is called “Women in Aviation,” just as appropriate a title might have been “Women Outside of Aviation.”