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1851
1851

Chapter I

Cover illustration for 1851
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.
Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”
_Nichol the Newsmonger._—ROBERT ANDERSON.
THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.
The African had mounted his ostrich.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

1851

Chapter I

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.
Line 2
Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”
Line 3
_Nichol the Newsmonger._—ROBERT ANDERSON.
Line 4
THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.
Line 5
The African had mounted his ostrich.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.”

Come noun US /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.””

Daddle verb US /ˈdædəl/

move away or escape quickly

From this reading “Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.””

GREAT noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.”

Thee pronoun US /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading ““Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.”

Thy determiner US /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading ““Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

African

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The African had mounted his ostrich.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

ANDERSON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Nichol the Newsmonger._—ROBERT ANDERSON.

Andrew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

attract

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

aw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

Ay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

ComenounUS /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

cracks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

daddleverbUS /ˈdædəl/

move away or escape quickly

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

draw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

e

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

EXHIBITION

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

far

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

fast's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

fodder'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

gang

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

gi'e

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

gie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

got

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

GREATnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The African had mounted his ostrich.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The African had mounted his ostrich.

human

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

I've

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

lad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

mounted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The African had mounted his ostrich.

naigs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

nar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

news

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

Newsmonger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Nichol the Newsmonger._—ROBERT ANDERSON.

Nichol

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

nine-tenths

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

nowt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

o

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

off

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

ostrich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The African had mounted his ostrich.

ROBERT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Nichol the Newsmonger._—ROBERT ANDERSON.

Sae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

see

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

seed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

set

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

shek

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

sight-seers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

smiddy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

stuil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

te

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

waddle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, Andrew, lad! draw in a stuil, And gie us a shek o’ thy daddle; I got aw the news far and nar, Sae set off as fast’s e could waddle.”

wanted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Come, Nichol, and gi’e us thy cracks, I seed te gang down to the smiddy, I’ve fodder’d the naigs and the nowt, And wanted to see thee—’at did e.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.

world

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GREAT EXHIBITION was about to attract sight-seers of all the world—the sight-seers, who make up nine-tenths of the human family.