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1492
1492

Chapter VIII

Cover illustration for 1492
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.
Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.
The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.
They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.
Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

1492

Chapter VIII

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.
Line 2
Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.
Line 3
The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.
Line 4
They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.
Line 5
Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.”

Beneath preposition US /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading “RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.”

Craft noun US /kræft/

a boat or ship in this chapter’s sailing situation

From this reading “Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.”

Myself pronoun US /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading “RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.”

Wilderness noun US /ˈwɪldərnəs/

a wild area where few people live

From this reading “Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

air

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

balm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

blue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

came

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

caravels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

caressing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

craftnounUS /kræft/

a boat or ship in this chapter’s sailing situation

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

dawn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

decked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

deep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

desert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

dunes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

evening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

find

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

fully

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

gold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

grayness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

India

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

largest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

leagues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

Maria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

means

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

mouth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

Now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

plain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

RISING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

river

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

rode

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

Santa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

sea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

seen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

ships

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

Small

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

stretched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

summer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

thousand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

toiled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

traveled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

walked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Now it was deep summer, blue and gold, and the air all balm and caressing.

water

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were caravels, and only the _Santa Maria_, the largest, was fully decked.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The evening before I had seen the three ships where they rode in river mouth.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading RISING at dawn, I walked to the sea and along it until I came at last to those dunes beneath which I had stretched myself that day of grayness.

wildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

a wild area where few people live

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Small craft with which to find India, over a road of a thousand leagues--or no road, for road means that men have toiled there and traveled there--no road, but a wilderness plain, a water desert!